Effect of Health Education Technology on Nutritional Literacy and Anemia in Pregnant Women

Aims This study aimed to analyze the effect of implementing health education technology on improving nutritional literacy and preventing anemia in pregnant women, as well as to identify the most effective technological approaches to support maternal and fetal health. Materials & Methods This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted at Balerejo Health Center in Madiun Regency, involving 132 pregnant women as participants. Data were collected through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using Smart-PLS to test the reliability of the instrument and to assess the relationships between parameters. Four technological interventions, including mobile applications, e-learning, social media, and telemedicine were evaluated. Findings All technologies had a significant effect on improving nutritional literacy and preventing anemia. Telemedicine had the largest effect (T=2.861; p=0.004) due to direct interaction with health workers. The R² value was close to 1.000, indicating that technology explained most of the variation in the results. Although 84.1% of respondents were of ideal age (20-35 years) and 59.1% had adequate income, 40.9% of pregnant women still experienced anemia, emphasizing the importance of nutritional education. Conclusion The implementation of health education technology, especially telemedicine, is effective in increasing nutritional literacy and reducing the risk of anemia in pregnant women.