Effect of exercise on periodontal tissues of diabetes mellitus type 2 patient: A review

Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a combination of the inability of cells to respond to insulin (insulin resistance) and inadequate compensatory insulin secretion due to the relative failure of B cells. One of the non-pharmacological therapy for diabetes mellitus is exercise or physical activity. Some studies have concluded that exercise can improve blood glucose control and eliminate complications such as the effect of fat oxidation, blood pressure, cardiovascular disorders, mortality, and quality of life. No studies have reported the effect of exercise on periodontal tissue of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This study determines the effect of exercise on periodontal tissue of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Management of hyperglycemic in diabetes mellitus with exercise may result in the upregulation of antioxidant defense mechanisms in several tissues, including the periodontal tissue. Doing exercise regularly can induce elevated antiinflammatory cytokine levels, resulting in an anti-inflammatory mechanism. On the periodontal tissue, blood flow increases, decreased the level of bone loss, repair periodontal tissue so the periodontal state of the patients becomes good.