TY - JOUR
T1 - Direct Extraction and Conversion of Microalgal Lipid from Chlorella vulgaris to Biodiesel Through In Situ Process Assisted by Sonication
AU - Wulandari, Melysa
AU - Hadi, Sofijan
AU - Purkan, Purkan
AU - Sumarsih, Sri
AU - Abdulloh, Abdulloh
AU - Wahyuni, Dwi Kusuma
AU - Piluharto, Bambang
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. All rights reserved.
PY - 2024/3/15
Y1 - 2024/3/15
N2 - Direct extraction and conversion of microalgal lipid to biodiesel in one step process is developed to initiate an efficient method in biofuel production. The method that is called as in-situ process has been applied in the biodiesel production from microalgae Chlorella vulgaris lipid by involving sonication assisting. Various parameters that affect the in-situ transesterification were investigated to find the optimum conditions including power of sonication, co-solvent use, and biomass amount. The experiment was performed by acidic catalyst H2SO4. The use of sonication in 25kHz/270W yielded the highest biodiesel product. The apply of co-solvent n-hexane significantly increased the yield biodiesel rather than no co-solvent. The biodiesel yield of 10.39 % obtained when the process was accompanied by the n-hexane as co-solvent with increasing level as 47% rather than without co-solvent. The in situ process in the ratio biomass-methanol 3:50 that assisted by sonication for 60 mins produced the highest biodiesel, which was 20.31 % w/w. The yield was higher than assisting with reflux or a combination of reflux-sonication. The component of biodiesel yielded in the process consisting of 7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic methyl ester; pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-methyl ester; 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid-methyl ester; and eicosanoic acid-methyl ester. The combine of reflux-sonication exhibited a low biodiesel product. The disadvantage method from the combination may inhibit on lipid extraction or FAME transformation, the exact cause needs to be looked for in the future.
AB - Direct extraction and conversion of microalgal lipid to biodiesel in one step process is developed to initiate an efficient method in biofuel production. The method that is called as in-situ process has been applied in the biodiesel production from microalgae Chlorella vulgaris lipid by involving sonication assisting. Various parameters that affect the in-situ transesterification were investigated to find the optimum conditions including power of sonication, co-solvent use, and biomass amount. The experiment was performed by acidic catalyst H2SO4. The use of sonication in 25kHz/270W yielded the highest biodiesel product. The apply of co-solvent n-hexane significantly increased the yield biodiesel rather than no co-solvent. The biodiesel yield of 10.39 % obtained when the process was accompanied by the n-hexane as co-solvent with increasing level as 47% rather than without co-solvent. The in situ process in the ratio biomass-methanol 3:50 that assisted by sonication for 60 mins produced the highest biodiesel, which was 20.31 % w/w. The yield was higher than assisting with reflux or a combination of reflux-sonication. The component of biodiesel yielded in the process consisting of 7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic methyl ester; pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-methyl ester; 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid-methyl ester; and eicosanoic acid-methyl ester. The combine of reflux-sonication exhibited a low biodiesel product. The disadvantage method from the combination may inhibit on lipid extraction or FAME transformation, the exact cause needs to be looked for in the future.
KW - Biodiesel
KW - in-situ transesterification
KW - microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
KW - sonication
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85190992973&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.20884/1.jm.2024.19.1.10042
DO - 10.20884/1.jm.2024.19.1.10042
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85190992973
SN - 1907-9761
VL - 19
SP - 162
EP - 171
JO - Molekul
JF - Molekul
IS - 1
ER -