Diagnostic value of ¹⁴C urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori detection compared by histopathology in indonesian dyspeptic patients

Purpose: Histopathology method is often used as a gold standard diagnostic for Helicobacter pylori infection in Indonesia. However, it requires an endoscopic procedure which is limited in Indonesia. A non-invasive method, such as¹⁴C Urea Breath Test (UBT), is more favorable; however, this particular method has not been validated yet. Patients and Methods: A total of 55 dyspeptic patients underwent gastroscopy and¹⁴C-UBT test. We used Heliprobe® UBT for UBT test. As for the histology, May-Giemsa staining of two gastric biopsies (from the antrum and corpus) were evaluated following the Updated Sydney System. Results: The Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis showed that the optimum cut-off value was 57 with excellence Area under Curve = 0.955 (95% CI = 0.861–1.000). By applying the optimum cut-off value, Heliprobe® UBT showed 92.31% for sensitivity, 97.62% for specificity, 92.31% for positive predictive value, 97.62% for negative predictive value, 38.77 for positive likelihood ratio, 0.0788 for negative likelihood ratio, and 96.36% for the accuracy. Conclusion: The¹⁴C-UBT is an accurate test for H. pylori diagnosis with excellent sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. The different optimum cut-off points suggested that a validation is absolutely necessary for new test prior application to the new population.