Design and Implementation of Photovoltaic Monitoring System Using Arduino UNO R4

The most prevalent practice in solar monitoring is designing a photovoltaic system that accommodates various load conditions and uses a microcontroller to measure voltage and current. This paper discusses the design and implementation of a photovoltaic monitoring system utilizing Arduino UNO R4 microcontroller. Through the integration of multiple sensors, this system is intended to monitor the operation of solar panels. The integration of DC voltage, AC voltage, and AC current sensors allows for a full evaluation of crucial parameters in solar energy systems. The Arduino UNO R4 utilizes its rapid processing capabilities to perform real-time data collecting and transfer. The efficacy of the device was validated by extensive testing conducted in various environmental scenarios. The results exhibit precise and prompt monitoring capabilities, showcasing the system's aptness for long-term performance analysis. The sensor has an error rate of less than 0.1%, with an average error value of DC voltage of 0.094%. The single-phase AC voltage sensor, ZMPT101B, has an average error percentage of 0.069%. In summary, the implemented system offers a dependable and efficient alternative for monitoring solar installations, hence promoting the practical utilization of solar energy. This work provides the basis for future advancements in monitoring renewable energy utilizing state-of-the-art technologies like the Arduino UNO R4.