Curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticle for accelerating the post extraction wound healing in diabetes mellitus patient: A review

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that has manifestations of hyperglycemia caused by an impaired insulin secretion in the body. The prevalence of type-II DM is a disease that affects around 382 million people worldwide with an increase in the number of sufferers reaching to 451 million in 2017. DM patients have a longer period of post-extraction wound healing than normal patient. Although there are many drugs to accelerate the wound healing for DM patients, there are still side effects. Therefore, a low side effect drug is needed to accelerate the post-extraction wound healing. The administration of curcumin with the effective chitosan nanoparticles is proposed because it can accelerate wound healing with low side effects and is obtained from natural ingredients. This review was aimed to summarize the potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticle for post-extraction wound healing in patients with type-II DM. Curcumin plays an important role at each stage of wound healing. In the inflammatory stage, the antioxidant effects of curcumin help controlling the inflammatory response by reducing the levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). In patients with DM type-II, the inflammatory response occurs uncontrollably due to the increased production of ROS, consequently, the tissue remodeling is inhibited. Furthermore, the administration of curcumin prevents the inhibition of tissue remodeling process. Curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticle is more effective because it increases the bioavailability and accelerates the absorption of curcumin. Finally, Curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticle has potential to accelerate the post-extraction wound healing in DM patients.