Correlational Analysis of Factors Influencing Female Adolescent Motivation to Prevent Anemia Using a Self-Determination Theory Approach

OBJECTIVE: The study utilized self-determination theory to investigate the motivations for preventing anemia in female adolescents. METHODOLOGY: This study employed a correlational design using a cross-sectional approach. Proportional random sampling was used to select 136 female students in grade XI from a public high school in Blitar, East Java. The questionnaire used as the study instrument has been rigorously examined for validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using Spearman Rho at a significance level of α< 0.05. The independent variables include the need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, each of which were the core elements of the self-determination theory. The study's dependent variable was motivation to prevent anemia. RESULTS: Most adolescents were motivated to avoid anemia, while others showed sufficient drive. Female adolescents' motivation to prevent anemia was significantly correlated to their demand for autonomy (p < 0.001, r = 0.383), competence (p= 0.002, r = 0.263), and relatedness (p<0.001, r=0.359), according to self-determination theory. CONCLUSION: Addressing female adolescents' demands for autonomy, competence, and relatedness increases their motivation to prevent anemia. These findings have practical implications for healthcare professionals and educators, empowering them to design interactive health education programs that cater to the unique needs of adolescent development and emphasize the importance of self-determination in anemia prevention.