Correlation of Apo E Gene Polymorphism with Recurrent Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background: Recurrent cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence puts patients at higher risk for mortality and morbidity. One of the CVD symptoms is acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Many genetic polymorphisms are CVD risk factors. This study's purpose was to investigate the correlation between recurrent ACS incidence and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism. Method: Case-control design was used in this study. About 90 patients who visited the cardiology and internal medicine clinics at UNAIR Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, served as the study's subjects. There were 30 patients with recurrent ACS, 30 patients with a single ACS, and 30 patients with no history of cardiovascular disease. Afterward, using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length method, the ApoE gene polymorphism examination was carried out. The Tropical Disease Center UNAIR Laboratory conducted all laboratory testing. Results: In the recurrent ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were 5 subjects for ϵ2ϵ2 (16.67%), 23 subjects for ϵ3ϵ3 (76.66%), and 2 subjects for ϵ4ϵ4 (6.67%). Meanwhile, in the single ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were 6 subjects for ϵ2ϵ2 (20%), 22 subjects for ϵ3ϵ3 (73.4%), 1 subject for ϵ4ϵ4 (3.33%), and 1 subject for ϵ2ϵ3 (3.33%). And, in the non- ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were4 subjects for ϵ2ϵ2 (13.34%), 25 subjects for ϵ3ϵ3 (83.33%), and1 subject for ϵ4ϵ4 (3.33%). There was no correlation of ApoE gene polymorphism with recurrent ACS incidence by Chi-square analysis (p > 0.05). Conclusion: ApoE gene polymorphism cannot significantly affect recurrent ACS incidence.