Computational Study of Bis-(1-(Benzoyl)-3-Methyl Thiourea) Platinum (II) Complex Derivatives as Anticancer Candidates

Background: The increasing incidence of cancer every year has resulted in cancer becoming one of the most common causes of death in the world. The most common types of cancer are breast cancer, lung cancer and prostate cancer. Thiourea is one of the compounds that have anticancer effects, and its activity can be increased by structural modifications, one of which involves making a Bis-(1-(benzoyl)-3-methyl thiourea) platinum (II) metal complex. Purpose: This study aims to obtain platinum (II)-thiourea complex compounds that have a more stable interaction as an anticancer agent compared to cisplatin. Methods: The methods used are computational studies with molecular docking, simulation of molecular dynamics, and prediction of pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Results: Based on the molecular docking of the platinum (II)-thiourea complex which has the most stable interaction with lower binding energy than the native ligand and the cisplatin, namely Bis-(3-methyl-1-(naphthalene-2-carbonyl)thiourea)) Platinum (II) against breast cancer receptors (3ERT) and lung cancer (2ITO) and compounds Bis-(1-(3-chlorobenzoyl)-3-methylthiourea) Platinum (II) against prostate cancer receptors (1Z95). The evaluation results of the stability of the interaction using a 50 ns molecular dynamic simulation showed that the Bis-(1-benzoyl-3-methylthiourea) Platinum (II) which binds to the prostate cancer receptor (1Z95) has the most stable interaction. Pharmacokinetic prediction results show that the platinum (II)-thiourea complex has a good pharmacokinetic profile, but there are several compounds that are mutagenic and hepatotoxic. Conclusion: The Bis-(1-(3,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-3-methyl thiourea) platinum (II) compounds could be a suitable anticancer agent for the lungs.