TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of tea tree oil 5%, tea tree oil 10%, and nystatin inhibition zones against vaginal Candida isolates in pregnancy
AU - Ervianti, Evy
AU - Damayanti,
AU - Purnamasari, Indah
AU - Astari, Linda
AU - Prasetyo, Budi
AU - Endraswari, Pepy D.
AU - Utomo, Budi
AU - Fitriani, Endang Wahyu
AU - Indramaya, Diah Mira
AU - Listiawan, M. Yulianto
AU - Prakoeswa, Cita Rosita Sigit
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Ervianti et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - Introduction: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in pregnancy frequently develops into recurrent infections. Clinical study suggests that conventional topical treatments for VVC are not always enough to eradicate Candida spp. from the vaginal microenvironment. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of tea tree oil (TTO) 5% and TTO 10% against Candida species causing VVC in pregnancy. Methodology: In vitro experimental study was conducted in the Mycology Laboratory at Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Eighteen isolates of Candida species were isolated from the vaginal thrush of 15 pregnant women diagnosed with VVC from March to May 2021. Antifungal susceptibility of TTO 5% and TTO 10% was evaluated by the disc diffusion method, with the inhibitory zone diameter as the main outcome. Results: The mean inhibitory zone diameter of TTO 5%, TTO 10%, and nystatin against all Candida spp. was 7.26 mm, 8.64 mm, and 25.57 mm, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean inhibitory zone diameter of TTO 5%, TTO 10%, and nystatin tend to be larger in C. albicans compared to the non-albicans, but the difference is not significant. Nystatin displayed the largest mean inhibitory zone diameters compared to TTO 5% and TTO 10% (p < 0.001) in all Candida species. Increased concentration from TTO 5% to TTO 10% resulted in a slight increment in the mean inhibitory zone diameters in all-Candida species (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Tea Tree Oil displayed antifungal activity against Candida species causing VVC in pregnancy. Further studies are required to investigate optimal TTO concentrations as a VVC treatment in pregnancy.
AB - Introduction: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in pregnancy frequently develops into recurrent infections. Clinical study suggests that conventional topical treatments for VVC are not always enough to eradicate Candida spp. from the vaginal microenvironment. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of tea tree oil (TTO) 5% and TTO 10% against Candida species causing VVC in pregnancy. Methodology: In vitro experimental study was conducted in the Mycology Laboratory at Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Eighteen isolates of Candida species were isolated from the vaginal thrush of 15 pregnant women diagnosed with VVC from March to May 2021. Antifungal susceptibility of TTO 5% and TTO 10% was evaluated by the disc diffusion method, with the inhibitory zone diameter as the main outcome. Results: The mean inhibitory zone diameter of TTO 5%, TTO 10%, and nystatin against all Candida spp. was 7.26 mm, 8.64 mm, and 25.57 mm, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean inhibitory zone diameter of TTO 5%, TTO 10%, and nystatin tend to be larger in C. albicans compared to the non-albicans, but the difference is not significant. Nystatin displayed the largest mean inhibitory zone diameters compared to TTO 5% and TTO 10% (p < 0.001) in all Candida species. Increased concentration from TTO 5% to TTO 10% resulted in a slight increment in the mean inhibitory zone diameters in all-Candida species (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Tea Tree Oil displayed antifungal activity against Candida species causing VVC in pregnancy. Further studies are required to investigate optimal TTO concentrations as a VVC treatment in pregnancy.
KW - Vulvovaginal candidiasis
KW - inhibition zone
KW - nystatin
KW - reproductive health care
KW - sexual
KW - tea tree oil
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85151878573&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3855/JIDC.16761
DO - 10.3855/JIDC.16761
M3 - Article
C2 - 37023426
AN - SCOPUS:85151878573
SN - 2036-6590
VL - 17
SP - 353
EP - 358
JO - Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
JF - Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
IS - 3
ER -