Comparison of Caesarean Delivery between Two Teaching Hospital in Surabaya Based on the Robson Classification Period of 2023: A Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy Patients

To compare and analyze caesarean in patients with hypertension in pregnlancy at Airlangga University Hospital and dr. M. Soewandhie General Hospital in 2023 based on the Robson classification. This observational analytic study used secondary data from annual maternal reports and medical records of Airlangga University Hospital and dr. M. Soewandhie General Hospital Surabaya during 2023. The Robson classification was applied to the data for further analysis. The CS rate for deliveries with hypertension in pregnancy was 49.3% at Airlangga University Hospital, the highest CS contribution coming from Robson groups 10, 4, and 5 with relative contributions of 28.0%, 18.2%, and 17.4% respectively. At dr. M. Soewandhie General Hospital was 44.1%, with the highest CS contributions coming from Robson groups 5, 4, and 2 with relative contributions of 29.5%, 26.7%, and 16.0% respectively. No noteworthy variance was observed in the CS rate for deliveries with hypertension in pregnancy between the two hospitals (p-value 0.179). The predominant reasons for CS at Airlangga University Hospital were previous CS, severe preeclampsia complications and failed induction of labour, with relative contributions of 21.2%, 17.4%, and 11.4% respectively. At dr. M. Soewandhie General Hospital, the predominant reasons for CS were previous CS, obesity, malpresentation, with relative contributions of 34.5%, 18.1%, and 17.5% respectively. At Airlangga University Hospital, Robson groups 4 and 5 need special attention to reduce the CS rate, meanwhile at dr. M. Soewandhie Hospital was Robson groups 5, 4, and 2. Previous CS was the predominant reason for CS at both hospitals. Further evaluation of the high rate of failed induction in Airlangga University Hospital and further research on the possibility of labor induction in patients with class III obesity in both hospitals is needed.