Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD 36), ENac, and AQP 2 effects on heart

Nowadays obesity, defined as an imbalance between food intake and exercising, has become a health concern worldwide. Obesity triggers many diseases, one of them being diabetes melitus (DM) type 2. Atherosclerosis is known to be linked with CD 36 and it can be identified as platelet integral membrane glycoprotein IV. CD 36 is known as thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) which is found on gustatory cells, extracellular matrix (ECMs) and platelete a granules, therefore it has strong relationship with atherosclerosis. CD 36 can bind to oxLDL and induces prothrombotic state. Inspite of that, ENaC and AQP 2 also have a strong effect on heart, especially their role are often related to the heart failure (HF) because sodium and water are thought to be mediated through activation of arginine vasopression (AV), neurohormonal activity, the renal-angiotensin-aldosteron system (RAAS), and atrial natriuretic peptide that maintains cardiac output and blood pressure. This article is focused on the relationship of CD 36, ENaC, and AQP 2 effects' on heart, including the molecular mechanism. This understanding needed to treat and to cure the heart diseases and prolong the sufferers life expectancy.