Characterization, Formulation, and Evaluation of Tablet Containing Johar Leaves (Cassia siamea Lamk.) Extract with Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) as Tablet Binder

Utilization of Johar leaves (Cassia siamea Lamk.) as an herbal remedy requires development into tablet formulation. The selection of binders in the tablet formulation is a strategy for producing quality tablets. Thus, this study aims to formulate Johar leaves extract by using HPMC in various concentrations as the binder (2%, 3%, and 4%) into tablets and evaluate their physical properties. Johar leaves extract is characterized and formulated into tablets in 3 various concentrations of HPMC as the binder. The physical properties of the tablets were evaluated. Johar leaves extract was gum-like, blackish brown, Johar leaves-specific odor, and bitter taste; moisture content, ash content, solubility in water, and solubility in ethanol were 5.2; 2; 11.7; and 38.3%, respectively. The organoleptic evaluation showed the round and flat texture of the tablet, and still experiencing mottling in all formulation; deviation of tablet in all formulas were 11.83; 18.33; and 18.56 mg, respectively; in the uniformity of tablet size showed that the diameter of the tablet were 1.48, 1.51, and 1.48 times of tablet thickness; tablet hardness all formulas were similar, i.e., 20.39 kg.cm^-2, and lastly, the disintegration time of formulas were 10, 9, and 12 minutes, respectively. In conclusion, tablets have good physical properties by using various concentrations of HPMC as a binder.