Cardioprotective activity of Chitosan-pinus merkusii extract nanoparticles against lead acetate induced cardiac cell damage in rat

This study, we investigated the role of Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extracts nanoparticle in against lead acetate-induced cardiac cell damage in rat. Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The fifty rats were divided into: control group (rats were given with distilled water); lead acetate group (rats were injected with lead acetate 15 mg/kg body weight i.p.), and the treatment group (rats were given the chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle 100mg; 200 mg; 400 mg/kg body weight orally and were injected with lead acetate 15 mg/kg BW). The blood was taken to be measured lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatinine Kinase-MB (CK-MB) level. Also the cardiac tissues were collected to evaluate the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and histological evaluations of heart damage. The size of Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle in the DLS was 201.8±14.6 nm, while in the SEM showed an irregular shape and rough surface. The lead acetate significant increased LDH, CKMB, MDA, and decreased SOD, GPx. Histological analysis, lead acetate also induced necrosis in the cardiac cell. However, treatment with the Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle, only dose400 mg/kg BW significantly decreased LDH, CK-MB, MDA, and increased SOD, GPx levels. The Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle 400 mg/kg BW also demonstrated significantly improved cardiac cell damage. From the results, it is concluded that the Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle is a potent antioxidant in against lead acetate-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.