BMP2 and Osterix Interaction in Osteoblastogenesis: An Article Review

Infectious disease, neoplasms, congenital abnormalities, tooth extraction and physical injuries are factors that can cause loss of alveolar bone structure. The balance of various cytokines that play a role in the osteoblastogenesis process greatly influences the success of treatment for bone healing. The objective of this literature review is to understand the network of various cytokines that influence the process of osteoblastogenesis. A search of the MED-LINE/PubMed database produced an assessment of the pertinent literature for this literature review. Numerous Osteoblastogenesis is regulated by signaling pathways, which include Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), TGF-β, interleukin and IFN-γ. The multifunctional growth factors known as BMPs are members of the TGF-β superfamily and it has been well reported that BMP-2 is important factor for osteblastogenesis. Osteoblast differentiation is induced by BMP-2, which binds to type II serine/threonine kinase receptors and opens type I receptors.These actions result in the production of R-Smads complexes including Smad1, 5 and 8, which are then imported into the nucleus. Together with Smad4, Smads complexes activate RUNX2 which resulting in increased osteoblastogenic marker expression. In this study, we reviewed the relationship between BMP-2 and osterix in osteoblastogenesis process.