Biocompatibility Testing of Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan-Chondroitin Sulfate Composite Scaffold as Bone Graft

The most commonly transplanted organ after blood is bone. One of bone implants developed today is bone scaffold. In this study, the biocompatibility test of the hydroxyapatite-chitosan-chondroitin sulfate composite scaffold was conducted based on the level of inflammation and the number of osteoblasts in the Javanese rabbits (Leprus nigricollis). This study is a true experi mental research with post-test only control design. The samples were divided into three groups, namely the negative control group, the positive control group and the treatment group. Each group has observation times of 7 days, 21 days and 56 days. The laboratory test results showed that the treatment group had the highest inflammatory level on day 7 (WBC 7.02 x 1012 sel/L) but it had the lowest inflammatory level (WBC 3.64 x 1012 sel/L) on day 56. Based on the histopathological results, the treatment group had the highest number of osteoblasts on the 7th, 21th, and 56th days which are 52.33 ± 10.73, 70.00 ± 26.99 and 61.67 ± 10.58 respectively. The amount of the woven bone, the lamellar bone, the havers system and the bone repair on the 7th, 21th, and 56th day was also the highest compared to the other two groups. It can be concluded that the hydroxyapatite-chitosan-chondroitin sulfate composite scaffold can be used as a bone graft.