Bioactive compounds profile and antimicrobe activities of n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of piper retrofractum fruit

This study was aimed at determining bioactive compounds contained in n-hexane and ethyl acetate extract of Piper retrofractum fruit extract and its antimicrobial activity. This study was an experimental study designed as factorial study with 24 treatments and three times replications. Bioactive compounds were analyzed using GC-MS method, while antimicrobial test was performed using disc-diffusion method against three species of microbes (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans) at various concentrations (250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm). Bioactive compounds were analyzed descriptively, while inhibition zone was analyzed statistically using Kruskall Wallis test, continued to Mann-Whitney at significance of 0.05. Results showed that n-hexane extract of P. retrofractum contained 26 compounds, in which 5,6-Dihydro-2,10,11-trimethoxy-3H-phenanthro[9,10,1-ija]quinolizin-3-one (24.40%)] was the highest content, while ethyl acetate extract of P. retrofractum contained 16 compounds, in which piperin (52.65%) had the highest level. Antimicrobial test resulted in significant difference of inhibition zone diameter based on concentration applied and microbe tested against. Highest inhibition zone was found from ethyl acetate extract applied at 750 ppm against Staphylococcus aureus (10.45 mm).