Bacterial endophytes from mangrove leaves with antibacterial and enzymatic activities

Aims: The aim of this study was to screen bacterial endophytes with antibacterial and enzyme activity from mangrove leaves of Indonesia. Methodology and results: Bacterial endophytes were isolated and evaluated for antibacterial activity against five strains of pathogenic bacteria. Enzymatic Index (EI) was measured to evaluate the production of protease, amylase and cellulase. Hemolysin test was performed on Blood Agar and the sensitivity to antibiotic was performed. Bacterial endophyte Strain 1-1 isolated from Bruguiera gymnorrhiza showed strong inhibition against Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with inhibition zone of 12.6 ± 1.4, 8.8 ± 4.1, 12.5 ± 2.3 and 8.4 ± 0.9 mm respectively. Isolate 1-16 which isolated from B. gymnorrhiza exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, while Isolate 6-10 isolated from Avicennia lanata exhibited strong inhibition on Salmonella sp. (13.1 ± 3.3 mm). All of those three isolates produced protease, non-haemolysin-producing strain and sensitive to gentamicin or kanamycin but resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Those three isolates were identified based on homology of 16S rDNA sequence. Strain 1-1 and 1-16 were identified as P. aeruginosa, while strain 6-10 identified as S. marcescens. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: This finding was showed the potential endophytic bacteria from Indonesian mangrove plants with antibacterial and enzyme production.