Association of Triglyceride and Glucose Index with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is significantly linked to obesity, insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). There isn't a single biomarker used to diagnose NAFLD. Objectives: Analyzing the association between triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) with NAFLD in T2DM. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the efficacy of TyG as a potential NAFLD biomarker. The study was conducted on 103 diabetes outpatient clinics at the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital from August to October 2023. Sixty-seven subjects experienced steatosis, while those who did not experience steatosis were 36. The statistical analysis used in this study is binary logistic regression with p <0.05. Results: The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) analysis showed a TyG cut-off value of 9.334 (AUC = 0.660). Analysis of the risk of TyG on the incidence of steatosis was carried out using binary logistic regression. The results showed that TyG was a significant risk factor for steatosis. Patients with a TyG value above 9.334 risk developing steatosis 3.567 times greater than patients with a TyG value below 9.334 (OR 95% = 1.373 – 9.270, p = 0.009). Conclusion: A significant association between TyG and NAFLD in T2DM patients, which the TyG index may be a more effective, valuable, and uncomplicated measure for detecting and controlling NAFLD.