Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentration and frailty degree in elderly community in surabaya

Background: Given the importance of vitamin D levels of the body, especially in old age and the absence of research data regarding the relationship of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with frailty events in the elderly community in Surabaya, this study aimed to study the comparison of vitamin D levels and their impact on frailty degrees. Methods: We conducted cross-sectional study in the elderly community of Surabaya in 2019, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum levels of 25(OH)D were examined using the Chemiluminescent Immuno Assay (CMIA) method using an ADVIA tool that had been calibrated and the frailty status measured by Cardiovascular Health Study Index (CHS) scores. Results: Seventy-five subjects consisted of fit subjects 33.3% (n = 25), pre-frailty subjects 33.3% (n = 25), and frailty subjects 33.3% (n = 25), with mean level of 25(OH)D on subject fit 24.73 ng/mL, pre-frailty 20.99 ng/mL, and frailty 15.18 ng/mL. There was a significant difference in levels of 25(OH)D between the fit and frailty groups (p = 0.000) and between the pre-frailty and frailty groups (p = 0.012). The results showed that frailty was more common in subjects with low education levels, but with sufficient economic status and walk without assisted device. Conclusion: There were differences in levels of 25(OH)D at various degrees of frailty which were significant in the fit group vs frailty and the pre-frailty group vs frailty. Low levels of 25(OH)D were found in the frailty group compared to the fit group.