Association between Sodium Intake and Biopsychosocial Factors with Knee Joint Pain in Osteoarthritis patient

Osteoarthritis is a chronic, degenerative disease with unknown etiology. Sodium can induce the secretion of IL-17 which causes cartilage destruction, decreases the secretion of chondrocytes and proteoglycans and induces the secretion of inflammatory mediators. No one knows that sodium is a risk factor for osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sodium intake and biopsychosocial factors on knee joint pain in Osteoarthritis patients. This study was an observational study conducted at the Orthopedic Outpatient Poly with a quantitative descriptive method with cross sectional sampling. Data were taken through interviews using the Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire and Visual Analog Score. The data obtained were analyzed using Partial Least Square (p≤0.05). This research has obtained permission No. B/404/V/2021 and ethical approval No. 44/LE/2021. There were 52 subject in the inclusion criteria. The analysis of biopsychosocial factors (age, gender, body mass index, education, occupation) that affect knee joint pain was body mass index (p < 0.044). Sodium levels also affect gender (p< 0.046). The results of the correlation test between sodium levels and knee joint pain were 0.024. The higher the level of sodium intake caused an increase in knee joint pain in osteoarthritis patients. The study shows that there is a correlation between sodium intake, knee joint pain, gender and body mass index. It is necessary to reduce sodium intake in the diet of osteoarthritis patients.