Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of Garcinia mangostana L. pericarp extract in streptozotocin - Induced diabetic mice

This study aimed to explore the antioxidant effects of pericarp extract from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) used for the improvement of β-cells of the islets of Langerhans and pancreatic glands damaged by the induction of streptozotocin (STZ), thereby increasing the production of insulin and improving the sensitivity of striated muscle cells to decreasing insulin in diabetic mice. In this study, we used male mice (Mus musculus) of the BALB/C strain which were divided into 2 groups: the control group (without treatment of mangosteen pericarp extract) and the treatment group. The control group was divided into three: normal control (KN), diabetic control (KD), diabetic control-Metformin HCl (KM). The treatment group (with mangosteen pericarp extract) was divided into 3 groups (P1, P2, and P3) with the dose of 50 mg/kg body weight, 100 mg/kg body weight, and 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The induction of diabetes was done with the injection of multiple low-doses of STZ (30 mg/kg of body weight) for 5 consecutive days. Interestingly, we found that mangosteen pericarp extract was able to increase the body weight of mice, reduce fasting blood glucose, improve cellular β-cells of the islets of Langerhans by increasing the diameter of the islets of Langerhans, and increase fasting blood plasma insulin level in mice significantly. In conclusion, mangosteen pericarp extract is a promising antidiabetic agent due to its anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties.