Antibacterial Effect of Metabolites from Stem Cells from Human Deciduous Teeth with Alfa-Mangostin and EGCG on Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus

Introduction: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are currently receiving much attention because SHED has the potential to be widely used in regenerative medicine. The lineage-specific differentiation tendency of SHED, especially endothelial and neural differentiation, could be beneficial as neural innervation and blood vessel formation are essential in tissue regeneration. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the major bacterial cause of dental caries. At the same time, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the bacterial cause of oral infections such as cheilitis, osteomyelitis, stomatitis, gingivitis, and dentoalveolar abscess. α-mangostin can inhibit bacterial growth by disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacteria. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has a powerful antibacterial function, especially against gram-positive bacteria such as S. mutans and S. aureus. This study aimed to prove the inhibitory effect of SHED metabolite in combination with α-mangosteen and EGCG against S. aureus and S. mutans bacteria. Materials and methods: The study isolated and characterized metabolites from SHED in a specific medium. Subsequently, the combination of metabolites with α-mangostin and EGCG was made in a 1:1 ratio. The bacterial inhibition zones were measured on disk paper placed on bacterial growth media. Results: The combination of SHED metabolites with α-mangostin and EGCG significantly inhibited the growth of S. aureus and S. mutans bacteria. Conclusion: Combining SHED metabolites with α-mangostin and EGCG exhibits antibacterial properties against S. aureus and S. mutans bacteria. The combination of SHED metabolites with α-mangostin has higher inhibition results than the combination of SHED metabolites with EGCG.