Antibacterial Activity of Red Pine (Pinus densiflora) and Sumatran Pine (Pinus merkusii) Leaf Extracts against Oral Pathogens

The aim of the experiment was to find out the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of P. densiflora and P. merkusii leaf extracts. Dental and oral diseases are potentially caused by some oral pathogens. Various antimicrobial agents have been developed to prevent dental diseases because they have more minimal side effects than synthetic ones. Red pine (Pinus densiflora) and Sumatran pine (Pinus merkusii) have active compounds such as Triterpenoid, Limonene, Benzoic acid, Cinnamic acid, Tannin, Flavonoid, and Saponin that potentially develop natural antibacterial agents. P. densiflora and P. merkusii leaf extracts were tested for their antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Phorymonas gingivalis which grew in BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) Broth. The MIC and MBC values were determined by calculating the growth of bacterial colonies on NA media in CFU/ml. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey with SPSS for windows. The result showed a very significant different (P<0.05) with MIC of P. merkusii was at 0.39%, 0.39%, and 0.78%, and MBCs of 0.78%, 0.78%, and 1.56%. While P. merkusii were at the MICs of 1.56%, 1.56%, and 3.125%, and at the MBCs of 3.125%, 3.125%, and 6.25% against E. Faecalis, S. mutans, and P. gingivalis. The result indicates that P. densiflora and P. merkusii had the antibacterial activity against E. faecalis, S. mutans, and P. gingivalis.