Analysis of TP53 mutants due to chromium metal exposure on dental technicians at Surabaya Laboratory

Dental technicians used chromium in base alloys to produced dental prostheses. In the process of manufacturing, metal dust could be absorbed to the body through inhalation, skin and digestion. Chromium could increase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) formation which triggered mutations in the P53 gene and increased expression of Tumor Protein p53 (TP53) mutant level. This study was conducted to look at the relationship between chromium metal exposures to TP53 mutant levels in dental technicians in Surabaya Laboratory. Cross-sectional study was performed on 40 dental technicians and 30 controls after ethical clearance. Blood sampling was conducted for the examination of chromium by Atomic Absorbance Spectrophotometry (AAS) and examination of TP53 mutant by ELISA method. The chromium metal concentration (367.98±141.30) and TP53 mutant level (0.69±0.2) in dental technician's blood samples were higher value than controls (0.09±0.17 and 0.54±0.16). There was significant difference result between dental technicians to controls P=0.000 (P < 0.05). Spearman test showed a positive correlation between chromium and TP53 mutant levels P=0.000 and r= 0.41 (P < 0.05). Chromium metal plays a role increasing the level of TP53 mutant in dental technicians at the Surabaya Laboratory.