Analysis of Characteristics of Cancellous Rib Freeze-Dried Bovine Bone as a Substitution Material

Bone substitution materials are widely used in dentistry to replace bone defects. Xenografts offer an alternative to autografts, allografts and alloplast by addressing their limitations. Objective: To analyze characteristics of cancellous rib freeze-dried bovine bone as a potential bone substitute material. Bovine 4th cancellous rib were cut into 10 mm x 10 mm x 10 mm. Then soak in H2O2 for 7 x 24 hours, then cleaned with 95% alcohol in ultrasonic shaker for 6 x 30 minutes, then Freeze-dried for 4x24 hours. Test method using FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, ICP-OES. There are functional groups -OH, PO4^3-, N-H, C-N, CO3^2- and C-O-C, amorphous crystal form, pore size diameter 50.89 µm - 530.7 µm, porosity percentage 95.94%, and bone density 0.094 g/cm3, and there are C(Carbon), N(Nitrogen), O(Oxygen), F(Fluorine), Mg(Magnesium), Al(Aluminum), Si(Silicon), P(Phosporus), Ca(Calcium) content, and heavy metals Pb and Ni below toxicity limit (Pb<30ppm, Ni<25ppm). Cancellous rib freeze-dried bovine bone have physical and chemical characteristic suitable as a bone substite material.