A severe COVID-19 patient with diabetes mellitus getting dexamethasone with depression disorders: a case report

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a novel coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus requires host cells to replicate, leading to rapid and uncontrollable viral replication and could end in increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This case study aims to evaluate a severe COVID-19 patient with diabetes mellitus getting dexamethasone with depression disorders. Case Presentation: A-56 years old Javanese female who lives in Sidoarjo was admitted to the emergency room of Dr. Soetomo Public Regional Hospital, Surabaya due to shortness of breath from the patient’s anamnesis. The shortness of breath was getting worse in the last 3 days before being admitted to the hospital. The patient had a fever in the previous 3 days before being admitted to the hospital. She also had a cough with phlegm for 1 week before being admitted to the hospital. The patient’s condition is oxygen saturation at 93% with a simple mask 6-8 lpm (oxygen saturation at 72% in free air. Her medical history revealed that she had suffered from diabetes since approximately 8 years ago and routinely took 5 mg of glibenclamide once a day. She also had high blood pressure from 5 years ago and routinely took 10 mg of amlodipine once a day. Treatment for this patient in severe condition requires comprehensive management such as symptomatic therapy, oxygenation, and adequate nutritional therapy. In addition, the patient received dexamethasone and antidepressant drugs such as fluoxetine 10 mg. Conclusion: The oxygenation therapy, symptomatic, antiviral, supportive, and adequate nutritional treatment can improve the clinical outcome regarding a severe COVID-19 patient with diabetes mellitus getting dexamethasone with depression disorders.