A review of the presence of antibiotic resistance problems on klebsiella pneumoniae acquired from pigs: Public health importance

Antibiotic resistance is a global public health problem. Antibiotic resistant bacteria such as Klebseilla pneumoniae is bacteria that is common in the digestive tract and upper respiratory tract of animals and humans. Several studies have shown that this bacterium is not only found in humans but also in animals, one of which is pigs which are known to be a reservoir for the spread of this bacteria. There are several strains, resistant antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes of the Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria in pigs which were summarized in this article. Not only in pigs, but this antibiotic resistant bacterium is also known to be found in other food-producing animals, such as cows, chickens and sheep. Many cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans have been reported, but cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans related to animals or strains related to animals and humans were also summarized in this article. Control and prevention are needed to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria from animal to animal, animal to human and vice versa as well as to the surrounding environment.