A Review of Salmonella sp. In Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus): Public Health Importance

Tilapia fish or Oreochromis niloticus is a food security commodity from the fisheries sector and is traded internationally, but in Asian countries tilapia aquaculture is mostly maintained using traditional systems, besides that homemade feed is used to reduce production costs. Cultivation of tilapia with traditional systems and artificial feed that is integrated with other livestock has the potential to cause the danger of transmitting zoonotic pathogens from other livestock manure and feed residue. Salmonella sp. which is one of the zoonotic pathogens that can be transmitted from tilapia. The use of antibiotics in livestock and cultivation causes Salmonella sp. able to withstand some antibiotics. Salmonellosis in humans has become an important public health problem, incurring significant economic and medical costs worldwide. The incidence of salmonellosis due to fish consumption has become a concern of public health agencies in several countries, because increased consumption of fishery products, especially raw products, increases the risk. Pathogen exposure, especially in vulnerable groups, such as the elderly, has increased significantly. pregnant women and babies. The importance of this pathogen in fish can be assessed and evaluated, as records show that most Salmonella infections in humans are related to fish consumption.