A Novel Approach for Gut Ecosystem Resilience: Evaluating Lacti-plantibacillus plantarum-12INH as a Promising Natural Antibacterial Agent

A healthy colon aids in the body’s absorption of nutrients from food and the development of the immune system, which in turn helps the neurological system and hormones to function normally. The presence of natural antibacterial agents in the digestive tract can activate the human immune system. Antibiotic resistance can develop in the body, and probiotic bacteria in the digestive system can decline as a result of incorrect antibiotic use, which can also limit the creation of lactic acid and bacteriocins. Our research’s aim was to identify local Indonesian probiotic bacteria isolated from breast milk and to evaluate the efficacy of the bacteriocin generated. The findings revealed that the isolated probiotic bacterium was Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-12INH, which differed from species listed in the NCBI in terms of its Gram-positive cell size, resistance to high temperatures (30, 37, and 45 °C), low pH tolerance (2, 3, and 4), and tolerance to 0.3% bile salts. In addition, it is capable of producing bacteriocins with an inhibition zone against E. coli ATCC 25922 bacterial pathogens of 12.48 mm similar to amoxicillin and tetracycline antibiotics, pH 2–10, and stability at high temperatures (40, 60, 80, 100, and 121 °C). Future applications for L. plantarum-12INH in processed food products include balancing colonic microbiota, repairing the colon wall, and promoting immune system development.