A new pyrano coumarin from Clausena excavata roots displaying dual inhibition against α-glucosidase and free radical

A new pyrano coumarin, identified as excavatin A (1) together with two known compounds nordentatin (2) and binorpocitrin (3) was isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of Clausena excavata. All structures were elucidated by using spectroscopy methods such as extensive NMR and HR-FAB-MS spectrometry. All the isolated compounds were tested on antidiabetes activity by using α-glucosidase inhibition assay and the antioxidant activity by DPPH assay. Compounds 1-3 showed antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ values 0.286, 0.02, 0.278 mM. Among them, 2 exhibited inhibition activity against maltase (IC₅₀ 5.45 µM) and sucrase (IC₅₀ 43.57 µM). However, compounds (1) and (3) displayed inhibition on yeast α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ values 1.92 and 5.58 mM.