A Case of Pediculosis Capitis Complicated by Secondary Infection and Anemia

Pediculosis capitis, commonly known as head lice infestation, is caused by head lice, a type of ectoparasite that affects the human scalp. Excessive scratching of the scalp due to itching can lead to skin damage and bacterial infection. In severe cases of infestation, it can cause iron deficiency anemia. This case report presents a 29-year-old female with pediculosis capitis and secondary infection. The patient had a low hemoglobin level of 7.8 g/dL, indicating anemia despite no history of bleeding. The patient was successfully treated with permethrin 1% lotion, antibiotics, ferrous sulfate, and folic acid. Proper treatment of pediculosis capitis, including its complications, and educating the patients are equally essential to combat the infestation and prevent the spread of the parasites.